New article published in 12(4B) - ENFIR/INAC 2024

Utilization of multimedia resources in nuclear sciences communication within the Brazilian school environment

Abstract: Brazil holds a promising future in nuclear technology, as evidenced by significant investments such as the construction of the Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor and the completion of the country's third nuclear power plant, Angra 3. However, scientific communication regarding the benefits and applications of nuclear technology still requires strengthening to enhance public acceptance. In this context, multimedia resources have proven to be an effective tool for promoting meaningful learning about nuclear technology among high school students. Following the lessons, 97.76% of students perceived a gain in knowledge about nuclear technologies, and 86.64% reported a more positive attitude towards nuclear science. Additionally, 84% of students expressed increased favorability towards radiation applications, and support for nuclear energy as a clean energy source rose from 43.84% to 84.88%. These results indicate that multimedia not only facilitated understanding of complex concepts but also contributed to a more favorable perception of nuclear technology among students. This outcome is crucial for fostering an informed culture regarding the importance of nuclear technology, ensuring that future professionals and decision-makers are well-acquainted with its benefits and applications.  Read full article. 

Ions and Metals in Polystyrene Samples by X-Ray Fluorescence Technique

Abstract: Plastics are one of the most common and persistent pollutants in ocean waters and beaches worldwide, causing harmful effects on marine biota. The composition of these plastics mainly includes polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS). The marine environment is impacted in various ways and, in extreme cases, diseases can emerge among seafood-consuming inhabitants due to contaminants (such as the toxic additives) in the plastic composition. Specifically, the objective of the present investigation is to analyze ions and metals in PE and PS samples exposed in the Jurujuba region (Baía de Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) for different periods using the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) analytical technique. This analysis will help identify toxic metals present in these polymer compositions as well as metals adsorbed on the plastic surface, contributing to defining measures to address this issue. Samples (in triplicate) were divided into three groups: I) Standard: sample available commercially; II) Control: sample exposed only to ultra-pure water, in the dark with a controlled temperature of 25 degrees Celsius; III) Exposed samples in Jurujuba (Baía de Guanabara). This study is part of a larger research project “Strengthening capacities in Marine and Coastal Environments using nuclear and isotopic techniques” (IAEA/ARCAL: RLA7025). These results emphases the toxicity of marine pollution and show that PE and PS polymers can act as carriers of pollutants between ecosystems. Read full article.