Multielement analysis in beer cans using X-ray fluorescence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1974Keywords:
X-ray fluorescence, Beer can, Aluminum alloyAbstract
In this study the elemental concentrations of twenty-three beer cans of different brands and nationalities were determined using X-ray fluorescence technique. Beer cans from Brazil (20 beer cans), Germany, the United Kingdom and Colombia were analyzed, totalizing 15 different breweries. It was possible to calculate the concentration of 15 elements in the beer cans samples: Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr and Pb. The results showed that aluminum concentrations ranged from 94 % to 96 %. Other's elements can be considered trace elements, being the highest concentrations of them for Mg (approximately 2%) and Mn (approximately 1%). Some elements showed differences between cans from different nationalities, with Zn being much higher in samples from Brazil. The Zr element showed similarities between German and UK beer cans. In addition, the beer can sample from Colombian had lower concentrations of Cl and Ga. This study shows that the values found are comparable to those found in the literature and that the concentrations of some trace elements in beer cans may represent signs of impurities brought during the recycling process.
- Views: 123
- PDF Downloads: 178
Downloads
References
NASCENTES, C.C. ; KAMOGAWA, M. Y. ; FERNANDES, K. G. ; ARRUDA, M. A. Z. ; NOGUEIRA, A. R. A. ; NOBREGA, J. A. Direct determination of Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn in beer by thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Spectrochimica Acta Part B, v. 60, p. 749–753, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2005.02.012
The World Counts. We use a lot of aluminium, http://www.theworldcounts.com/counters/world_food_consumption_statistics/aluminium_cans_facts. (2014).
RISONARTA, V. Y. ; ANGGONO, J. ; SUHENDRA, Y. M. ; NUGROWIBOWO, S. ; JANI, Y. Strategy to Improve Recycling Yield of Aluminium Cans. E3S Web of Conferences, v. 130, p. 01033, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001033
LI, Y., VAN LOON, J.C. ; BAREFOOT, R.R. Preconcentration of trace elements in potable liquids by means of a liquid membrane emulsion for flame atomic absorption determination, Fresenius. J. Anal. Chem., v. 345, p. 467– 470, 1993. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00325628
GAMA, E. M. ; NASCENTES, C. C. ; MATOS, R. P. ; RODRIGUES, G. C. ; RODRIGUES, G. D. A simple method for the multi-elemental analysis of beer using total reflection X-ray fluorescence. Talanta, v. 174, p. 274-278 (2017). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.059
ONIANWA, P.C. ; ADEYEMO, A. O. ; IDOWU, O. E. ; OGABIELA, E. E. Copper and zinc contents of Nigerian foods and estimates of the adult dietary intakes. Food Chem., v. 72, p. 89-95, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00214-4
MOREIRA, S. et al., Analysis of beers from Brazil with synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, v. 270, p. 167–171, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-006-0325-0
DAVIS, J. R. Aluminum and aluminum alloys. Light metals and alloys, p. 351-416, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.aub.t61170351
FIGUEIREDO, F. A contribuição da reciclagem de latas de alumínio para o meio ambiente brasileiro, Revista electrónica de recursos en Internet sobre Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, v. 127, 2009.
GAUSTAD, G. ; OLIVETTI, E. ; KIRCHAIN, R. Improving aluminum recycling: A survey of sorting and impurity removal technologies. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.v. 58, p. 79-87, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.10.010
CHOATE, W. ; GREEN, J. Modeling the Impact of Secondary Recovery (Recycling) on the U.S. Aluminum Supply and Nominal Energy Requirements, TMS, 2004.
The Aluminium Association. International alloy designations and chemical composition limits for wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys with support for on-line access from: aluminum extruders council use of the information. Alum. Assoc. Arlington, Virginia 31, 2015.
DAS, S. Emerging Trends in Aluminum Recycling: Reasons and Responses, Light Metals, p. 911-916, 2006.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing: The BJRS articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
