European radon abatement policy: state and ongoing discussion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2023.2162Keywords:
Radon policy, Europe, exposure, hazard and risk, quality assuranceAbstract
Radon is a hazardous air pollutant which can cause detriment to individuals and to the society. Thus, the natural consequence is avoiding it or in practice, limiting exposure. This has led to regulation on national and international level whose objective is reduction of radon exposure. In Europe, the Basic Safety Standards (BSS) issued in 2013, whose implementation is mandatory for EU Member States, caused a boost to efforts towards radon regulation as well as to radon research since a number of components of radon abatement policy appeared not resolved sufficiently reliable in the sense of quality assurance. In this contribution, we present the state of implementation of EURATOM Basic Safety Standards in Europe and in Germany, as a particular example. We also address a number of topics currently discussed.
- Views: 93
- PDF Downloads: 111
- XML Downloads: 10
Downloads
References
WHO handbook on indoor radon: a public health perspective / edited by Hajo Zeeb, and Ferid Shannoun. www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241547673 (accessed 3 Nov 2022); doi:10.1136/bmj.38308.477650.63
Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety standards etc., http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:2014:013:FULL&from=EN (accessed 3 Nov 2022)
http://metroradon.eu/; https://www.radonorm.eu/; http://traceradon-empir.eu/, http://www.merience.eu/en/eu-rap/; http://www.liferespire.it/ (all accessed 4 Nov 2022)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Joint Research Centre, European atlas of natural radiation, Cinelli, G., De Cort, M., Tollefsen, T. (editors), Publications Office of the European Union, 2020, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/46388 or doi:10.2760/520053 (accessed 3 Nov 2022)
IAEA, GSR part 3, www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1578_web-57265295.pdf ; IAEA, SSG-32, www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1651Web-62473672.pdf (accessed 4 Nov 2022)
WHO Radon database: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/gho-phe-radon-database (accessed 4 Nov 2022)
BOSSEW P., ČELIKOVIĆ I., CINELLI G., CIOTOLI GC., DOMINGOS F., GRUBER V., LEONARDI F., NIKOLOV J., PANTELIĆ G., PEREIRA A., PETERMANN E., TODOROVIĆ N., TREVISI R. (2021): On harmonization of radon maps. JERA 3, 7554; http://dx.doi.org/10.35815/radon.v3.7554
PERKO T., MARTELL M., ROVENSKA K., FOJTIKOVA I., PARIDAENS J., GEYSMANS R. (2022): Report on review and analysis of national radon action plans and their implementation, updated intermediate report, D2 (updated): SCK CEN, MERIENCE, SURO for EC DG Energy; EU-RAP project, Ref. Ares (2020)2496502 (no public access)
www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Download_PDF/Gesetze/strlschg_en_bf.pdf (accessed 4 Nov 2022)
www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Download_PDF/Gesetze/strlschv_en_bf.pdf (accessed 4 Nov 2022)
SUHR N., adapted from Eisenwiener A., RADONVORSORGEGEBIETE, UND JETZT? Radon-Forum Baden-Württemberg am 28. April 2021 (original in German)
FEIGE, S., FRIEDRICH-KEES, F., & OEH, U. (2020). Radon an Arbeitsplätzen in Innenräumen: Leitfaden zu den §§ 126-132 des Strahlenschutzgesetzes. (In German) https://doris.bfs.de/jspui/bitstream/urn:nbn:de:0221-2020120824227/3/BfS-Leitfaden_Radon_am_Arbeitsplatz_20201209.pdf (accessed 21 Nov 2022)
http://metroradon.eu/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Final-Report_Activity_4_1_2.pdf, p.18 ff. (accessed 4 Nov 2022)
BOSSEW P., PETERMANN E. (2022): From data to decisions – Quality assurance in radon policy. JERA 3, 7886; http://dx.doi.org/10.35815/radon.v3.8212
PETERMANN E., BOSSEW P., HOFFMANN B. (2022): Radon hazard vs. radon risk - On the effectiveness of radon priority areas. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 244–245, 106833; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106833
DOBRZYŃSKI, L., FORNALSKI, K.W., RESZCZYŃSKA, J., 2018. Meta-analysis of thirty-two case–control and two ecological radon studies of lung cancer. J. Radiat. Res. 59, 149–163; doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrx061
BOCHICCHIO F., AMPOLLINI M., ANTIGNANI S., BRUNI B., QUARTO M., VENOSO G. (2009): Results of the first 5 years of a study on year-to-year variations of radon concentration in Italian dwellings. Radiation Measurements 44 (9–10) 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2009.10.088 .
TSAPALOV A. & KOVLER K. (2018): Indoor radon regulation using tabulated values of temporal radon variation. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 183, 59 – 72, DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.12.003
TSAPALOV A. & KOVLER K. (2021), Studying temporal variations of indoor radon as a vital step towards rational and harmonized international regulation. Environmental Challenges 4, 100204, doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100204
MARTELL M., PERKO T., TOMKIV Y., LONG S., DOWDALL A., KENENS J. (2021): Evaluation of citizen science contributions to radon research. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 237, 106685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106685
Radon Test Online, RadonTest Group, 2017. https://radontest.online/ (accessed 22 Nov 2022)
TSAPALOV A., KOVLER K., SHPAK M., SHAFIR E., GOLUMBIC Y., PERI A., BEN-ZVI D., BARAM-TSABARI A., MASLOV T., SCHRIRE O. (2020): Involving schoolchildren in radon surveys by means of the “RadonTest” online system. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 217, 106215; doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106215
MC LAUGHLIN, J. P., GUTIERREZ-VILLANUEVA, J.-L. AND PERKO, T. (2022), Suggestions Improvements in National Radon Control Strategies of Member States Which Were Developed as a Requirement of EU Directive 2013/59 EURATOM, IJERPH, 19 (7), 1-8, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073805
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing: The BJRS articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
