Study on welding thermal cycle and residual stress of UNS S32304 duplex stainless steel selected as external shield for a transport packaging of Mo-99

Evandro Giuseppe Betini; Maurilio Pereira Gomes; Mariana Xavier Milagre; Caruline de Souza Carvalho Machado; Luis Augusto Mendes dos Reis; Cristiano S Mucsi; Marcos Tadeu D'Azeredo Orlando; Temistocles Souza Luz; Luis Gallego Martinez; Jesualdo Luiz Rossi

doi:10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.679

Authors

Evandro Giuseppe Betini INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Maurilio Pereira Gomes INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Mariana Xavier Milagre INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Caruline de Souza Carvalho Machado INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Luis Augusto Mendes dos Reis INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Cristiano S Mucsi INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Marcos Tadeu D'Azeredo Orlando DEPARTAMENTO DE FÍSICA/UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPIRITO SANTO
Temistocles Souza Luz DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA/UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPIRITO SANTO
Luis Gallego Martinez INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Jesualdo Luiz Rossi INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES/UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v7i2A.679

Keywords:

thermal cycle, residual stress, duplex stainless steel, welding, Mo-99, radioactive material

Abstract

Thin plates of duplex stainless steel UNS S32304 were welded using the pulsed gas tungsten arc GTAW process (butt joint) without filler addition. The used shielding gas was pure argon and 98% argon plus 2% of nitrogen. The thermal cycles were acquired during welding, in regions near the melting pool. This alloy is candidate for the external clad of a cask for the transport of high activity radiopharmaceuticals substances. For the residual stress measurements in austenite phase an X-ray diffractometer was used in a Bragg-Brentano geometry with CuKα radiation (λ= 0.154 nm) and for ferrite phase was used a pseudo-parallel geometry with CrKα radiation (λ= 0.2291nm). The results of residual stress using sin²y methodology shown that the influence of the high welding temperature leads to compressive stresses for both phase of the duplex steels mainly in heat-affected zone. It was observed a high temperature peak and an increase of the mean residual stress after addition of nitrogen to the argon shielding gas.

Views: 157
PDF Downloads: 139

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

HARA, D. H. S.; FIORE, M.; LUCCHESI, R. F.; MANCINI, V. A.; ROSSI, J. L. Materials selection for a transport packaging of Mo-99, In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, 2015, São Paulo. Annals of INAC 2015, São Paulo: Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, 2015. p. 7.

CIONE, F. C.; RIZZUTTO, M. A.; SENE, F. F.; SOUZA, A. C.; BETINI, E. G.; ROSSI, J. L. The shielding against radiation produced by powder metallurgy with tungsten copper al-loy applied on transport equipment for radio-pharmaceutical products, INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, 2015, São Paulo. Annals of INAC 2015, São Paulo: Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, 2015. p. 9.

KANNAN, T and MURUGAN. N. Effect of flux cored arc welding process parameters on duplex stainless steel clad quality, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, v. 176.1, p. 230-239, 2006.

BETINI, E. G.; CEONI, F. C.; MUCSI, C. S.; POLITANO, R.; ORLANDO, M.T.D.; ROSSI, J.L. Study of the temperature distribution on welded thin plates of duplex steel to be used for the external clad of a cask for transportation of radiopharmaceuticals products, INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE, 2015, São Paulo. Annals of INAC 2015, São Paulo: Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, 2015. p. 6.

Radioactive Materials Transportation. Standard CNEN NE 5.01 Resolution CNEN 013/88Aug.1988. Available in http://appasp.cnen.gov.br/seguranca/normas/pdf/Nrm501.pdf (2017). Last accessed: 02 Jun. 2017. (In Portuguese)

Regulations for the safe transport of radioactive material: specific safety requirements. 2012 ed. - Vienna : International Atomic Energy Agency, 2012.

JIANG, Y.; TAN, H.; WANG, Z.; HONG, J.; JIANG, L.; LI, J. Influence of Creq/Nieq on pitting corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of UNS S32304 duplex stainless steel welded joints. Corrosion Science, v. 70, p. 252-259, 2013.

TSENG, K. H. AND CHOU, C. The effect of pulsed GTA welding on the residual stress of a stainless steel weldment, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, v.123.3, p. 346-353, 2002.

MACHADO, C. S. C.; MILAGRE, M. X.; ORLANDO, M. T. D.; ROSSI, J. L.; LUZ, T. S.; MACÊDO, M. C. S.; CHAGAS, J. N. Effect of protection gas in the residual stress profile of UNS S32304 stainless steel welded with TIG, In: Blucher Proceedings - IV Workshop of Applied Crystallography to Materials Science and Engineering. 2014, Vitória. Annals of IV Workshop of Applied Crystallography to Materials Science and Engineering, Vitória: Grupo de Física Aplicada - UFES, 2014 p.1-4. (In Portuguese).

CÁRCEL-CARRASCO, F. J.; PASCUAL-GUILLAMÓN, M.; PÉREZ-PUIG, M. A. Effects of X-rays radiation on AISI 304 stainless steel weldings with AISI 316L filler material: A study of resistance and pitting corrosion behavior. Metals, v.6.5, pp.102, 2016.

MONIN, V. I.; LOPES, R. T.; TURIBUS, S. N.; PAYÃO FILHO, J. C.; ASSIS, J. T. D. X-Ray diffraction technique applied to study of residual stresses after welding of duplex stain-less steel plates. Materials Research, v. 17, p. 64-69, 2014.

CULLITY, B.D. Elements of X-Ray Diffraction. Second Ed., Addison Wesley Inc., New York - USA, 2001.

CIONE, F.C.; SOUZA, A. C.; MARTINEZ, L. G.; ROSSI, J. L.; BETINI, E. G.; ROLA, F.; COLOSIO, M. A. Measurements of Residual Stresses in Aluminum Wheels Using the Techniques of XRD, Strain Gages and FEA Simulation - A Comparison. SAE International Journal Materials and Manufacturing, v.9, pp.1-3, 2016.

SAE International, Residual Stress Measurement by X-ray diffraction, HS-784, 3rd ed., ISBN of 978-0-7680-1069-5, 2003.

WITHERS, P. J.; and BHADESHIA, H. K. D. H., Residual stress. Part 1 – Measurement techniques. Materials Science and Technology. v. 17, pp. 355- 365, 2001.

WOJDYR, M. Fityk: a general-purpose peak fitting program. Journal of Applied Crystal-lography, v.43, pp. 1126-1128, 2010.

JOHANSSON, J.; ODÉN, M.; ZENG, X. H. Evolution of the residual stress state in a du-plex stainless steel during loading. Acta Metallurgica, v.47.9, p. 2669- 2684, 1999.

LIN, Y. AND CHEN, P., Effect of nitrogen content and retained ferrite on the residual stress in austenitic stainless steel weldments, Materials Science and Engineering A. v.307, pp. 165–171, 2001.

MUTHUPANDI, V.; BALA SRINIVASAN, P.; SESHADRI, S. K.; SUNDARESAN, S. Effect of nitrogen addition on formation of secondary austenite in duplex stainless steel weld metals and resultant properties. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining. v. 9, pp. 47-52, 2004.

LUNDIN, C. D.; CHOU, C. P. D.; SULLIVAN, C. J; Hot cracking resistance of austenitic stainless steel weld metals. Welding Journal. v.59.8, pp. 226s-232s, 1980.

HSIEH, C. C.; LIN, D. Y.; CHEN, M. C.; WU, W. Precipitation and strengthening behavior of massive d-ferrite in dissimilar stainless steels during massive phase transformation. Ma-terials Science and Engineering, A. v.477, pp. 328–333, 2008.