Characterization of suspended particulate matter using cascade impactor and X-ray fluorescence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1919Keywords:
Atmospheric pollution, Particulate Matter, X-ray FluorescenceAbstract
Atmospheric pollution has become one of the biggest environmental and public health problems in large urban centers. The process of industrialization and urbanization of large cities together with population growth and motorized transport has caused an increase in the level of air pollution in these places. Thus, this work approaches the characterization of suspended particulates in the surroundings of the Duque de Caxias Refinery (REDUC) from the identification of the chemical elements present using the X-ray fluorescence technique - XRF. A PIXE 8-stage impactor was used to collect the particulate material (aerodynamic diameters of 16 – 0.12 µm). On the other hand, the experimental measurements of XRF were performed using a commercial system ARTAX 200 (Bruker) and under the following conditions: voltage of 45 kV, current of 500 µA, acquisition time of 300 s and no filter in the incident X-ray beam. The study allowed estimating the dimensions of the particulate materials, identifying the chemical elements present and pointing out possible sources, from samples collected in three residential points that are in the surroundings of REDUC in the region of Campos Elísios. The X-ray fluorescence technique proved to be efficient and it was possible to detect the following chemical elements: Silicon, Sulfur, Chlorine, Potassium, Calcium, Titanium, Manganese, Iron, Nickel and Zinc. Correlations were observed between some elements making it possible to identify possible sources of pollution.
Downloads
References
APRILE, G. G. et al. Comparison of the suitability of two lichen species and one higher plant for monitoring airborne heavy metals. Environ Monit Assess, v. 162, p. 291–299, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-0796-x
KAMPA, M.; CASTANAS, E. Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution, 151(2): 362-367, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.012
BRITO, G. F. S.; SODRÉ, F. F.; ALMEIDA, F. V. O Impacto do Material Particulado na Qualidade do Ar. Revista Virtual de Química, v. 10 (5), p. 1335-1354, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21577/1984-6835.20180092
ALVES, C. Aerossóis atmosféricos: perspectiva histórica, fonts, processos químicos de formação e composição orgânica. Química Nova, V. 28 (5), p. 859-870, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422005000500025
ARBEX, M.A.; SANTOS, U.P.; MARTINS, L.C.; SALDIVA, P.H.N.; PEREIRA, L.A.A.; BRAGA, A.L.F. Air pollution and the respiratory system. J. Bras. Pneumol. v. 38, p. 643–655, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132012000500015
SALVI, S. Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Children. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, V. 8 (4), p. 275-280, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2007.08.008
PIRES, D. O. Inventário de emissões atmosféricas de fontes estacionárias e sua contribuição para a poluição do ar na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. 2005. 194 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de planejamento energético) – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Rio de Janeiro, 2005.
CAMARINHA, G. C. Determinação Quantitativa de Fontes de Material Particulado Inalável na Atmosfera da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. 2010. 175 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) – Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2010.
FERREIRA, K. R. S.; SABEDOT, S.; SAMPAIO, C. H. Avaliação da presença de monazita em concentrado de ilmenita produzido na mina do Guaju (PB). Rem: Rev. Esc. Minas, Ouro Preto, v. 60, n. 4, p. 669-673, Dec. 2007 . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0370-44672007000400013
SANTOS, R. S. Análise multielementar em folhas de Nerium oleander L. usando fluorescência de raios X por dispersão em energia. 2014. 141 f.. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) – Instituto de Física, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2014.
MUKHERJEE, D. P.; KUMAR DAS, S. Influence of TiO2 content on the crystallization and microstructure of machinable glass-ceramic. Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies. v. 4 (1), p. 55-60, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jascer.2015.11.004
INEA (Instituto Estadual do Ambiente). Relatório Anual de Qualidade do Ar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Ano base 2010 e 2011. 2013.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing: The BJRS articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
How to Cite
