Estudo de exposições em situações de incidentes envolvendo geradores de raios x de uso industrial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v3i2A.96Keywords:
Raios X, Controle de Risco, Prevenção de AcidentesAbstract
O estudo de casos de acidentes com fontes de radiação fornece valiosas informações para o aprimoramento dos equipamentos em si e dos procedimentos a serem adotados para evitar que se repitam sendo, por isso mesmo, recomendado como parte integrante dos processos de licenciamento de instalações radiativas. Entretanto, quando as máquinas são consideradas isentas dos requisitos de proteção radiológica ou não possuem registro de acidentes, um método eficaz para se apropriar deste conhecimento necessário às melhorias de processo e projeto é a investigação de incidentes relatados e a proposição de situações limite, nas quais exposições pouco prováveis e mesmo de baixa intensidade possam ocorrer. Neste trabalho são avaliados incidentes relatados em máquinas de inspeção de raios-X e medidores de espessura, além de estudadas situações emergenciais tanto neste tipo de equipamento quanto em um acelerador de elétrons autoblindado para a cura de tintas e vernizes. As estimativas de exposição são calculadas a partir de dados coletados em locais de trabalho sobre a distância e tempo em cada caso proposto. Muito embora não haja consequências severas à saúde ocupacional, os resultados obtidos podem ser empregados na melhoria da qualidade dos treinamentos aos operadores e técnicos de manutenção, na proposição de novos sistemas de alarme e procedimentos das equipes de emergência, além de servirem de alerta contra situações inadvertidas e evitáveis de exposições injustificáveis.
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