Ethylene-vinyl acetate detector exposed to gamma radiation and evaluated via principal component regression

Lucas N Oliveira; Eriberto Nascimento; Patricia  de Lara Antonio; Linda V.E. Caldas

doi:10.15392/bjrs.v10i2A.1760

Authors

Lucas N Oliveira
Eriberto O. Nascimento
Patricia L. Antonio
Linda Caldas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v10i2A.1760

Keywords:

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), Radiation dosimetry, PCR analyses, FTIR technique

Abstract

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) is the flexible plastic material commonly used in industries. The EVA samples, in green, white and black colors were irradiated with absorbed doses of 0.01 kGy up to 10.0 kGy using a ⁶⁰Co Gamma Cell-220 system, and the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry technique was used for evaluating the samples. This work aimed to investigate EVA samples in measurements with gamma radiation, analyzing the linearity through the Principal Component Regression (PCR) method and its sensitivity. For sensitivity and linearity, the green samples showed the best results, followed by white and black EVA samples. The PCR method inflated gradually the number of principal components, then reducing the residuals between the measured and calculated values, consequently obtaining maximum linearity of 1.000 for all EVA samples. In conclusion, the FTIR was adequate for the acquisition of absorbance spectra, the linearity via PCR and sensitivity showed good results indicating that the EVA detectors can be useful in radiation measurements.

Views: 213
PDF Downloads: 126

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

AHMED, J.; WU, J.; MUSHTAQ, S.; ZHANG, Y. Effects of electron beam irradiation and multi-functional monomer/co-agents on the mechanical and thermal properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/polyamide blends, Materials Today Communications. 23 (2020) 100840. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2019.100840

BARTOLOMEI, S.S.; SANTANA, J.G.; VALENZUELA DÍAZ, F.R.; KAVAKLI, P.A.; GUVEN, O.; MOURA, E.A.B. Investigation of the effect of titanium dioxide and clay grafted with glycidyl methacrylate by gamma radiation on the properties of EVA flexible films, Radia-tion Physics and Chemistry. 169 (2020) 107973. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.08.022

BEE, S.T.; SIN, L.T.; HOE, T.T.; RATNAM, C.T.; BEE, S.L.; RAHMAT, A.R. Study of montmorillonite nanoparticles and electron beam irradiation interaction of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/de-vulcanized waste rubber thermoplastic composites, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 423 (2018) 97–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2018.03.013

ENTEZAM, M.; AGHJEH, M.K.R.; GHAFFARI, M. Electron beam irradiation induced compatibilization of immiscible polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) blends: Me-chanical properties and morphology stability, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 131 (2017) 22–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.10.016

RAMARAD, S.; RATNAM, C.T.; KHALID, M.; CHUAH, A.L.; HANSON, S. Improved crystallinity and dynamic mechanical properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber/EVA blends un-der the influence of electron beam irradiation, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 130 (2017) 362–370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.09.023

VOGT, M.R.; HOLST, H.; SCHULTE-HUXEL, H.; BLANKEMEYER, S.; WITTECK, R.; HINKEN, D.; WINTER, M.; MIN, B.; SCHINKE, C.; AHRENS, I.; KÖNTGES, M.; BO-THE, K.; BRENDEL, R. Optical Constants of UV Transparent EVA and the Impact on the PV Module Output Power under Realistic Irradiation, in: Energy Procedia, Elsevier Ltd, 2016: pp. 523–530. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.07.136

DINESH, M.; CHIKKAKUNTAPPA, R. Microwave irradiation induced modifications on the interfaces in SAN/EVA/PVC and PVAc/BPA/PVP ternary polymer blends: Positron lifetime study, NIMPB. 310 (2013) 67–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2013.05.020

JI, Y.Y.; CHANG, H.S.; LIM, T.; LEE, W. Application of a SrI 2 (Eu) scintillation detector to in situ gamma-ray spectrometry in the environment, Radiation Measurements. 122 (2019) 67–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.01.014

KARAKIROVA, Y.; LUND, E.; YORDANOV, N.D. EPR and UV investigation of sucrose irradiated with nitrogen ions and gamma-rays, Radiation Measurements. 43 (2008) 1337–1342. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.10.048

OLIVEIRA, L.N.; NASCIMENTO, E.O.; SCHIMIDT, F.; ANTONIO, P.L.; CALDAS, L.V.E. Characterization of lithium diborate, sodium diborate and commercial soda-lime glass exposed to gamma radiation via linearity analyses, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 155 (2019) 133–137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.06.031

KUMAR, N.; JAIN, P.K.; TANDON, P.; PANDEY, P.M. The effect of process parameters on tensile behavior of 3D printed flexible parts of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 35 (2018) 317–326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.08.013

OSMAN, A.F.; TUTY, T.F.; RAKIBUDDIN, M.; HASHIM, F.; TUAN JOHARI, S.A.T.; ANANTHAKRISHNAN, R.; RAMLI, R. Pre-dispersed organo-montmorillonite (organo-MMT) nanofiller: Morphology, cytocompatibility and impact on flexibility, toughness and biostability of biomedical ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, Materials Science and Engi-neering C. 74 (2017) 194–206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.137

GOULAS, A.E.; RIGANAKOS, K.A.; KONTOMINAS, M.G. Effect of ionizing radiation on physicochemical and mechanical properties of commercial multilayer coextruded flexible plas-tics packaging materials, Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 68 (2003) 865–872. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00298-6

YAN, K.; TIAN, S.; CHEN, J.; LIU, J. High temperature rheological properties of APAO and EVA compound modified asphalt, Construction and Building Materials. 233 (2020) 117246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117246

GOUVÊA, R.F.; ANDRADE, C.T. Testing the effect of imidazolium ionic liquid and citrate derivative on the properties of graphene-based PHBV/EVA immiscible blend, Polymer Tes-ting. 89 (2020) 106615. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106615

WAHAB, A.; SATTAR, H.; ASHRAF, A.; HUSSAIN, S.N.; SALEEM, M.; MUNIR, S. Thermochemical, kinetic and ash characteristics behaviour of Thar Lignite, agricultural residues and synthetic polymer waste (EVA), Fuel. 266 (2020) 117151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117151

YAN, K.; CHEN, J.; YOU, L.; TIAN, S. Characteristics of compound asphalt modified by waste tire rubber (WTR) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA): Conventional, rheological, and mi-crostructural properties, Journal of Cleaner Production. 258 (2020) 120732. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120732

BAGHANI, H.R.; ROBATJAZI, M.; MAHDAVI, S.R.; HOSSEINI AGHDAM, S.R. Eva-luating the performance characteristics of some ion chamber dosimeters in high dose per pulse intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy, Physica Medica. 58 (2019) 81–89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.01.019

HSU, S.M.; YANG, H.W.; YEH, T.C.; HSU, W.L.; WU, C.H.; LU, C.C.; CHEN, W.L.; HUANG, D.Y.C. Synthesis and physical characteristics of radiophotoluminescent glass dosi-meters, Radiation Measurements. 42 (2007) 621–624. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.01.053

JENG, C.C.; YUNG, S.W.; LEE, J.H.; SUN, S.S.; YANG, S.H.; HSU, S.M. The readout characteristics of self-fabricated radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter reading system, Radia-tion Measurements. 90 (2016) 210–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.02.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.02.006

SOMMER, M.; FREUDENBERG, R.; HENNIGER, J. New aspects of a BeO-based optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter, Radiation Measurements. 42 (2007) 617–620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.01.052

ZHYDACHEVSKII, Y.; SUCHOCKI, A.; BERKOWSKI, M.; ZAKHARKO, Y. Optically stimulated luminescence of YAlO3 :Mn2 + for radiation dosimetry, Radiation Mea-surements. 42 (2007) 625–627. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.01.054

ANTONELLO, M.; CACCIA, M.; FERRARI, R.; FRANCHINO, S.; GAUDIO, G.; HAUPTMAN, J.; LEE, S.; PEZZOTTI, L.; SALVATORE, F.; SANTORO, R.; VIVA-RELLI, I.; WIGMANS, R. Linearity response measurement of a SiPM-based dual-readout ca-lorimeter for future leptonic colliders, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 958 (2020) 162136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.04.090

CARVAJAL, M.A.; VILCHES, M.; GUIRADO, D.; LALLENA, A.M.; BANQUERI, J.; PALMA, A.J. Readout techniques for linearity and resolution improvements in MOSFET do-simeters, Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical. 157 (2010) 178–184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2009.11.034

BOS, A.J.J. High sensitivity thermoluminescence dosimetry, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 184 (2001) 3–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(01)00717-0

DESHPANDE, S.; GEURTS, M.; VIAL, P.; METCALFE, P.; HOLLOWAY, L. Sensitivity evaluation of two commercial dosimeters in detecting Helical TomoTherapy treatment delivery errors, Physica Medica. 37 (2017) 68–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.04.011

TAÑO, J.E.; HAYASHI, GONZALES, C.A.B.; YASUDA, H. Effect of the glucono-δ-lactone concentration on the sensitivity and stability of PVA-GTA-I radiochromic gel dosime-ter, Radiation Measurements. (2020) 106311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2020.106311

CHENG, J.; M. AI. Optimal designs for panel data linear regressions, Statistics and Proba-bility Letters. 163 (2020) 108769. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2020.108769

HUANG, G.; CHEN, XIAOJING; LI, L.; YUAN, L.; SHI, W. Domain adaptive partial least squares regression, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 201 (2020) 103986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2020.103986

QIN, L.T.; LIU, S.S.; LIU, H.L.; TONG, J. Comparative multiple quantitative structure-retention relationships modeling of gas chromatographic retention time of essential oils using multiple linear regression, principal component regression, and partial least squares techniques, Journal of Chromatography A. 1216 (2009) 5302–5312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.016

SHAKYA, P.R.; MELAKU, Y.A.; PAGE, A.; GILL, T.K. Association between dietary pat-terns and adult depression symptoms based on principal component analysis, reduced-rank re-gression and partial least-squares, Clinical Nutrition. (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.011

BATISTA BRAGA, J.W.; ALLEGRINI, F.; OLIVIERI, A.C. Maximum likelihood unfolded principal component regression with residual bilinearization (MLU-PCR/RBL) for second-order multivariate calibration, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 170 (2017) 51–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2017.09.016

S. SCHUMANN, L.P. NOLTE, G. ZHENG, Comparison of partial least squares regression and principal component regression for pelvic shape prediction, Journal of Biomechanics. 46 (2013) 197–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.005

BERTRAND, D.; QANNARI, E.M.; VIGNEAU, E. Latent root regression analysis: an alter-native method to PLS, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 58 (2001) 227–234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7439(01)00161-7

KÖKSOY, O. Multiresponse robust design: Mean square error (MSE) criterion, Applied Ma-thematics and Computation. 175 (2006) 1716–1729. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2005.09.016