Radionuclide metrology: traceability and response to a radiological accident
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v6i2A.360Keywords:
radionuclide metrology, radioactive standard sources, metrological traceability, response to a radiological accident, 137Cs, Goiania.Abstract
In the case of a radiological accident there are characteristic phases: discovery and initial assistance with first aid; the triage and monitoring of the affected population; the release of the affected people; forward the victims to medical care; as well as the preparation of the report on the accident. In addition, studies and associated researches performed in the later period. Monitors, dosimeters and measurement systems should be calibrated by contaminating radionuclide standards. The radioactive sources used must be metrological reliable. In Brazil, this function is performed by LNMRI/IRD/CNEN, designated by INMETRO, which Radionuclide Metrology Laboratory is responsible for the standardization and supplying of radioactive sources in different geometries and matrices. This laboratory has a stock of radionuclide solutions with controlled environmental variables for the preparation of sources, which are calibrated and standardized by mean of primary and secondary methods. It is also responsible for the dissemination of standards and, in order to establish the metrological traceability of national standards, participates in international key-comparisons promoted by BIPM and regional metrology organizations. Internally, it promotes the National Comparison Programs for laboratories that analyze environmental samples and the traceability for radiopharmaceuticals producing centers and nuclear medicine services in the country. The paper presents the demand for 137Cs related to the radioactive accident in Goiania/Brazil and the significant results for the main radionuclides standardized by the Radionuclide Metrology Laboratory by international key-comparisons and national comparisons to provide metrological traceability. With the obtained results, the LNMRI integrates the international metrology BIPM network and fulfills its function of supplying, with about a hundred of radioactive standards, the country's needs in different applications, including attendance to radiological accident.
- Views: 126
- PDF Downloads: 119
Downloads
References
NCRP - National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. A Handbook of Radioactivity Measurements. 2nd Edition. Report 58, Bethesda: NCRP, p.592, 1985.
IWAHARA, A.; ALMEIDA, I. P. S. ; TAUHATA, L. ; SILVA, C. J. ; POLEDNA, R. Influences from Delayed Events on the Activity Determination of Se-75 by the Coincidence Counting Method. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, v. A, n.339, p. 381-385, 1994.
DA SILVA, C. J.; IWAHARA, A.; POLEDNA, R.; DE OLIVEIRA, E.M.; DI PRINZIO, M.A.R.R.; DELGADO, J. U.; LOPES, R. T. Lopes. Standardization of 241Am, 124Sb and 131I by live-timed anti-coincidence counting with extending dead time. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 66, p. 886–889, 2008.
DA CRUZ, P. A. L.; DA SILVA, C. J.; IWAHARA, A.; LOUREIRO, J. S.; DE OLIVEIRA, A. E.; TAUHATA, L.; LOPES, R. T. TDCR and CIEMAT/NIST Liquid Scintillation Methods applied to the Radionuclide Metrology. IOP Publishing Journal of Physics. Conference Series 733 012099, 2016.
DE OLIVEIRA, E. M.; IWAHARA, A.; POLEDNA, R.; DELGADO, J. U.; DA SILVA, C. J.; DA SILVA, R. L.; LOPES, R.T. Standardization of 65Zn by sum-peak method. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 242, p. 595-598, 2012.
DA SILVA, C. J.; OLIVEIRA, E. M.; IWAHARA, A.; DELGADO, J. U.; POLEDNA, R.; OLIVEIRA, A. E.; MOREIRA, D. S.; R. L. da SILVA; GOMES, R. S.; De VERAS, E. V. Calibration of Ionization Chamber for 18F and 68Ga. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 87, p. 188-191, 2014.
DELGADO, J. U.; IWAHARA, A.; SILVA, C. J.; POLEDNA, R.; LOPES, R. T. Absolute measurements of gamma-ray emission probabilities of Yb169. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A, v. 455, p. 607-611, 2000.
SANTOS, J. A.; IWAHARA, A.; DE OLIVEIRA, A. E.; SILVA, M. A. L.; TAUHATA, L.; LOPES, R. T.; DA SILVA, C. J. National Intercomparison Program for radiopharmaceutical activity measurements. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 60, n.2, p. 523-527, 2004.
TAUHATA, L.; SALATI, I.; DI PRINZIO, R.; DI PRINZIO, M. A. R. R. Radioproteção e Dosimetria: Fundamentos. 9ª. Ed. Rio de Janeiro/Brasil: Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, 2013.
BIPM-JCGM 200 – Bureau International des Poids et Mesures-Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology. International vocabulary of metrology: basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM). 3rd edition 2012.
TAUHATA, L.; VIANNA, M. E. M. ; OLIVEIRA, A. E.; FERREIRA, A. C. ; BRAGANÇA, M. J. C. S. ; CLAIN, A. F.; FARIA, R. Q. The Brazilian National Intercomparison Program (ONI/IRD/CNEN): evaluation of 15 years of data. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, v. 86, p. 384-390, 2006.
JARVIS, A. N.; SIU, L. Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory Intercomparison Studies Program. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-600/4-81-004, EMSL-U.S. EPA, 1981.
BEISSNER, K., 2002. On a measure of consistency in comparison measurements. Metrologia, v. 39, p.59 – 63, 2002.
IWAHARA, A.; DE OLIVEIRA, A. E. ; TAUHATA, L.; DA SILVA, C. J.; BRAGUIROLLI, A. M.; LOPES, R. T. Performance of dose calibrators in Brazilian hospitals for activity measurements. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 56, n.1-2, p. 361-363, 2002.
TAUHATA, L.; IWAHARA, A.; DE OLIVEIRA, A. E.; REZENDE, E. A.; DELGADO, J. U.; DA SILVA, C. J.; DOS SANTOS, J. A.; NICOLID, I. G.; ALABARSE, F. G.; XAVIER, A. M. Proficiency tests in the determination of activity of radionuclides in radiopharmaceutical products measured by nuclear medicine services in 8 years of comparison programs in Brazil. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 66, p. 981–987, 2008.
OLIVEIRA, A. E.; IWAHARA, A.; SILVA, C. J.; DA CRUZ, P. A. L.; POLEDNA, R.; SILVA, R. L.; LARANJEIRA, A. S.; DELGADO, J. U.; TAUHATA, L.; LOUREIRO, J. S.; TOLEDO, B. C.; BRAGHIROLLI, A. M. S.; ANDRADE, E. A. L.; SILVA, J. L.; HERNANDES, H. O. K.; VALENTE, E. S.; DALLE, H. M.; ALMEIDA, V. M.; SILVA, T. G.; FRAGOSO, M. C. F.; OLIVEIRA, M. L.; NASCIMENTO, E. S. S.; DE OLIVEIRA, E. M.; HERRERIAS, R.; SOUZA, A. A. Traceability from governmental producers of radiopharmaceuticals in measuring 18F in Brazil. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 109, p. 236-241, 2015.
MRA: Mutual recognition of national measurement standard and of calibration and certificates issued by national metrology institutes, International Commitee for Weights and Mesures, BIPM, 1999.
ARAÚJO, M. M.; RODRIGUES, L. N. Implementation of the Quality System at LNMRI/IRD. Proceedings of the II Brazilian Congress of Metrology, Generalist Papers, pp 276-282, São Paulo, Brazil, 2000.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing: The BJRS articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
