Development of a Methodology for Measuring the Output Factor for Electron Blocks

Authors

  • Julia Martini Fontana Instituto Nacional de Câncer
  • Maíra Ribeiro dos Santos Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2469

Keywords:

Radiotherapy, electrons beams, output factor, EPID, Python

Abstract

In light of the routine verification of output factor for electron blocks manufactured for patients and outside the standard square field measurements, this study proposes a methodology for measuring the output factor using EPID, validated by water measurements with a diode, and employing Python programming to analyze the pre-processed detector images. The study used square and rectangular blocks to validate the code and evaluate the limitations of the EPID, finding an agreement of up to ±3.0% for fields larger than 6.0 cm² and ±5.0% for fields between 3.0 cm² and 5.0 cm². The final evaluation aimed to compare square field measurements with asymmetric rectangular fields, and the results showed deviations of less than ±1.0%, thus indicating the feasibility of using EPID for this methodology.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER JOSÉ ALENCAR GOMES DA SILVA. Estimativa 2023: Incidência de câncer no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA, 2022. ISBN 978-65-88517-10-9.

INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CÂNCER JOSÉ ALENCAR GOMES DA SILVA. Curso a distância – O Elétron na Radioterapia. Rio de Janeiro: INCA, 2013. IBSN 85-7318-1o1-X.

NEBBIA, J. F.; ORTHOLAN, C.; GERARD, J. P. Radiotherapy in cancer pain management. European Journal of Cancer Supplements, v. 3, n. 3, p. 87-96, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6349(05)80265-4

SONG, CHANGHOON et al. Adjuvant single-fraction radiotherapy is safe and effective for intractable keloids. Journal of radiation research, v. 55, n. 5, p. 912-916, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rru025

MENEZES Neto, B. F. D. (2022). Construção do protocolo de tratamento de queloide do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina) - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – Faculdade de Medicina, Botucatu, 2022.

OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, B. et al. Comparative study between the radiotherapy treatment with electrons and beta-therapy after keloid surgery. Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology, v. 1, n. 2, p. 53-57, 2007.

CARVAJAL, Claudia C. et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in the management of keloids. ecancer medical science, v. 10, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2016.690

OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, B. et al. Keloid treatment using post operative radiotherapy with electron beams: a comparative randomized study of two methods. Surg Cosmet Dermatol, v. 5, n. 1, p. 16-26, 2013.

JUNIOR, Otsuka; FUMIYUKI, Lauro. E-book sobre cicatrizes patológicas para o não especialista. 2019.

GOMES Olga Santana et al. Cirurgia plástica no Brasil: uma análise epidemiológica. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Científico, v. 24, p. e7375-e7375, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25248/reac.e7375.2021

MINISTÉRIO DA SAÚDE. Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Ministério da Saúde; [21/06/2021]. Available at: https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/queloide/. Acsessed on: 5 jul. 2023.

KHAN, Faiz M. (Ed.). The physics of radiation therapy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4511-8245-3.

BULUT, Ahmet. Predicting electron insert output factors at nominal and extended source to surface distance. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College, 2002.

SILVEIRA, Thiago Bernardino da. Implementação de EPID para avaliação e controle de qualidade de feixes clínicos em radioterapia. Tese de Mestrado. Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria da Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear.

DING, Aiping; XING, Lei; HAN, Bin. Development of an accurate EPID based output measurement and dosimetric verification tool for electron beam therapy. Medical Physics, v. 42, n. 7, p. 4190-4198, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1118/1.4922400

WANG, Y. et al. Quality assurance of electron beams using a Varian electronic portal imaging device. Physicsin Medicine & Biology, v. 58, n. 16, p. 5461, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/58/16/5461

RIBEIRO, Rosane Moreira. Implementação de Teste para Controle de Qualidade de Feixe de Elétrons utilizando o EPID da Varian. Trabalho de Conclusão de Residência. Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva.

GIBBONS, John P. et al. Monitor unit calculations for external photon and electron beams: Report of the AAPM Therapy Physics Committee Task Group No. 71. Medical physics, v. 41, n. 3, p. 031501, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1118/1.4864244

STERN, Robin L. et al. Verification of monitor unit calculations for non IMRT clinical radiotherapy: report of AAPM Task Group 114. Medical physics, v. 38, n. 1, p. 504-530, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1118/1.3521473

MCPARLAND, Brian J. Methods of calculating the output factors of rectangular electron fields. Medical Dosimetry, v. 14, n. 1, p. 17-21, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0958-3947(89)90131-3

CHOI, David R.; MOBIT, Paul N.; BREITMAN, Karen E. The clinical implementation of a method for calculating the output factor and percent depth dose for an electron beam. Physics in Medicine & Biology, v. 48, n. 7, p. 899, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/48/7/307

Downloads

Published

2024-09-18

How to Cite

Development of a Methodology for Measuring the Output Factor for Electron Blocks. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, v. 12, n. 3A (Suppl.), p. e2469, 2024. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2024.2469. Disponível em: https://bjrs.org.br/revista/index.php/REVISTA/article/view/2469. Acesso em: 27 dec. 2024.

Similar Articles

181-190 of 875

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.