Radiological implications of using phosphogypsum as building material: a case study of Brazil

Barbara Paci Mazzilli; Marcia Pires Campos; Marcelo Bessa Nisti; Cátia Heloisa Rosignoli Saueia; Marcelo Francis Máduar

doi:10.15392/bjrs.v8i1.1008

Authors

Barbara Paci Mazzilli Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP
Marcia Pires Campos Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP
Marcelo Bessa Nisti Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP
Cátia Heloisa Rosignoli Saueia Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP
Marcelo Francis Máduar Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares IPEN-CNEN/SP

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v8i1.1008

Keywords:

Phosphogypsum, NORM, building materials, natural radionuclides

Abstract

Phosphogypsum, a waste byproduct derived from the production of phosphoric acid, is being worldwide stockpiled, posing concerns about the environmental problems originating from this practice. Considerations about the viability of the safe reuse of this material have been raised, among them its potential use as building material. However, as phosphogypsum can contain natural radionuclides in significant concentrations, using it as a building material has radiological implications, which presently prevent such application. In order to evaluate the feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the manufacturing of building elements such as bricks and plates, a comprehensive research was undertaken in Brazil, following a multiple approach. This research included studies related to: Brazilian phosphogypsum characterization; experimental determination of radon exhalation rate; and application of theoretical models to forecast both radon exhalation and external doses in dwellers. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the research carried out in Brazil is presented.

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