Comportamento de Cs e Co em Sedimentos Marinhos da Enseada de Piraquara de Fora - Angra dos Reis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15392/bjrs.v5i3.304Keywords:
137Cs, 60Co, sediment, sorption, desorptionAbstract
As a result of discharging of liquid effluents of the Angra dos Reis power plants, 137Cs and 60Co radionuclides are the greatest contributors to increasing of radioactivity level in the sediments of the Saco de Piraquara de Fora (SPF) inlet. The thermodynamic and kinetic of sorption of the two radionuclides in sediments of the impact area from the effluent liquid discharge were study to investigate their role in the radionuclide distribution patterns and trends. Cobalt sorption is slightly higher than the cesium one, but mostly both distribution coefficient values were lower than the literature data, which could be ascribed to the predominance of the kaolinite clay in the sediments. For both metals the sorption was higher onto the sediment with the highest cation exchange capacity. Although the velocities of sorption are slow for both metals, both may accumulate in considerable amount in sediments and their sorption is irreversible: 60Co and 137Cs accumulate in orders of magnitude of 1010 and 109 Bq g-1sediment, respectively, which shows the ability of the sediments to adsorb much of the radionuclides released by the power plants. In the range of SPF water temperature, as much the sorption as the desorption of the two metals increase with temperature; however, in general, the retention rate of the metals in the sediments remain constant. The sorption sites are heterogeneous as the sorption data could be fitted by the Langmuir and Freündlich isotherms. The process of sorption of Co and Cs is endothermic, which is spontaneous at low temperature.
Downloads
References
MORERA, M. T.; ECHEVERRIA, J. C.; MAZKIARAN, C.; GARRIDO, J. J. Isotherms and sequential extraction procedures for evaluating sorption and distribution of heavy metals in soils. Environ. Pollut.,v. 113(2), p.135-144,·2001.
VEERESH, H.; TRIPATHY, S.; CHAUDHURI, D.; HART, B. R.; POWELL, M. A. Sorption and distribution of adsorbed metals in three soils of India. Appl. Geochem. v.18, p.1723–1731, 2003.
RODRIGUES, L. A.; MASCHIO, L.J.; COPPIO, L.S.C.; THIM, G.P.; PINTO DA SILVA, M.L.C. Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution by hydrous zirconium oxide. Environ. Technol., v. 33 (12), p.1345-1351, 2012.
TAGLIAFERRO, G. V.; PEREIRA, P. H. F.; RODRIGUES, L. A.; SILVA, M. L. C. P. Adsor-ção de Chumbo, Cádmio e Prata em Óxido de Nióbio (V) Hidratado Preparado pelo Método da Precipitação em Solução Homogênea, Química. Nova, v. 34 (1), p. 101-105, 2011.
IAEA-INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. Quantification of Radionuclide Transfer in Terrestrial and Freshwater Environments for Radiological Assessments. IAEA-TECDOC-1616, Vienna, Áustria, 2009.616p.
BRUGNARA, M., 1977, Influência dos Sedimentos Marinhos na Distribuição dos Principais Radionuclídeos do Efluente da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (Unidade 1). Dissertação de M.Sc, Instituto de Biofísica da UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
STAUNTON, S.; DUMAT, C.; ZSOLNAY, A. Possible Role of Organic Matter in Radiocaesium Adsorption in Soils, J. Environ. Radioact., v.58 (2 e 3), p. 163-173, 2002.
PORTILHO, A. P., 2005, A Influência da Adição de Composto Orgânico na Mobilidade e Bio-disponibilidade do 137Cs e do 60Co em Solos Tropicais. Dissertação de M.Sc., Instituto de Radio-proteção e Dosimetria – IRD/CNEN, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
SURAJ, G.; IYER, C.S.P.; LALITHAMBIKA, M. Adsorption of cadmium and copper by modi-fied kaolinites. Appl. Clay Sci., v.13 (4), p. 293-306, 1998.
MIRANDA-TREVINO, J. C., COLES, C. A. Kaolinite properties, structure and influence of metal retention on pH. Appl. Clay Sci., v. 23, p. 133-139, 2003.
YOSHIMURA, K.; ONDA, Y.; FUKUSHIMA, T. Sediment particle size and initial radioce-sium accumulation in ponds following the Fukushima NPP accident. Scientific Reports 4, Article number: 4514, 2014.6p.
STAUNTON, S.; ROUBAUD, M. Adsorption of 137Cs On Montmorillonite and Ilite: Effect of Charge Compensating Cation, Ionic Strength, Concentration of Cs, K And Fulvic Acid. Clays Clay Miner., v. 45 (2), p. 251-260,1997.
IAEA- International Atomic Energy Agency. Report of Working Group 1 Reference Meth-odologies for Controlling Discharges of Routine Releases of EMRAS II Topical Heading Ref-erence Approaches for Human Dose Assessment. Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety (EMRAS II) Programme. IAEA-TECDOC-1808, Viena, 2017. 96 p.
ELETRONUCLEAR - Eletrobrás Termonuclear S.A. Final Safety Analysis Report-FSAR. Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto-Unit 1. ELETRONUCLEAR - FSAR Angra 1, versão 32, Rio de Janeiro, 2004.104 p.
ELETRONUCLEAR - Eletrobrás Termonuclear S.A. Final Safety Analysis Report-FSAR, Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto Angra Nuclear Power Plant-Unit 2, v.5, Eletronu-clear, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 2001. 95p.
ELETRONUCLEAR. Estudos de Impacto Ambiental. EIA da Unidade 3. Da Central Nu-clear Almirante Álvaro Alberto. Disponível em: http://www.eletronuclear.gov.br/hotsites/eia/. Úl-timo acesso em 31 de maio de 2017.
LAURIA, D. C.; PERES, S. S.; MARTINS, N. S. F. Impact Assessment for the Aquatic Biota Arising from Discharges of Radioactive Liquid Effluents into the Marine Environment-Angra dos Reis Nuclear Power Plants, In: INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR ATLANTIC CONFERENCE – INAC 2011, Belo Horizonte, pp. 1-9.
BUCUR, C.; OLTEANU, M.; DULAMA, N.; PAVELESCU, M. Cesium Sorption/ Desorption on Saligny Geologic Formations. Roman. J. Phys., 56, p. 769-783, 2011.
PEREZ, F. F. P.; SWEECK, L.; BAUWENS, W.; MAY, V.H. Adsorption and desorption ki-netics of 60Co and 137Cs in fresh water Rivers. J. Environ. Radioact., v. 149, p. 81-89, 2015.
BUNKER, D. J.; SMITH, J. T.; LIVENS, F. R.; HILTON, J. Determination of Radionuclide Exchangeability in Freshwater Systems. Sci. Total Environ.,v. 263, p. 171-183, 2000.
CIFFROY, P.; GARNIER, J. M.; KHANH PHAM, M. Kinects of the Adsorption and Desorp-tion of Radionuclides of Co, Mn, Cs, Fe, Ag, and Cd in Freshwater Systems: Experimental and Modelling Approaches. J. Environ. Radioact., v. 55, p. 71-91, 2001.
MC DONALD, P. AND JOHNSTON, K. The distribution coefficient of 60Co in sediments from the Solway Firth, UK. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., v. 220 (1), p. 9-13, 1997.
CARROLL, J., BOISSON, F., TEYSSIE J. Distribution Coeficients (Kd's) for Use in Risk As-sessment Models of the Kara Sea. Appl. Radiat. Isot., v. 51 ( 1), p. 121-129, 1999.
TOPCUOGLU, S., GUNGOR, N., KIRBASSOGLU, C. Distribution Coefficients (Kd) and Desorption Rates of 137Cs and 241Am in Black Sea Sediments. Chemosphere, v. 49, p. 1367-1373, 2002.
HERMS F.H.; GURGEL M.H.C.; MATHIAS G.L.; PESSOA I.A.; ROCHA A.C.M.N.; OLENKA S. E.;. LOUREIRO D.D. Monitoramento Oceanográfico da Enseada de Piraquara de Fora: Parâmetros Químicos, Relatório Final, 84, 2004. 19p.
FRANKLIN, M. R. Estudo da Circulação Hidrodinâmica e do Transporte de Radionuclí-deos na Baía da Ilha Grande. Dissertação de M.Sc., Departamento de Engenharia Civil, COP-PE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, 2001.
CARVALHO F. M.; LAURIA, D., C.; RIBEIRO, F.C. A.; FONSECA, R.T.; PERES, S. S.; MARTINS, N. S. F. Natural and man-made radionuclides in sediments of an inlet in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Mar. Pollut. Bull., v. 107(1), p. 269–276, 2016.
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. Manual de Métodos de Análise de Solo. Embrapa Solos, Segunda revisão. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 2011, disponível em: < https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wenceslau_Teixeira/publication/267038200_Manual_de_Metodos_de_Analise_de_Solo_2a_Edicao/links/5442ea7c0cf2e6f0c0f9390d/Manual-de-Metodos-de-Analise-de-Solo-2a-Edicao.pdf> último acesso em 05 de maio de 2015.
EPA-Environmental Protection Agency. Fate, Transport and Transformation Test Guide-lines OPPTS 835.1230 Adsorption/Desorption (Batch Equilibrium), EPA Method 835.1230:. United States, 2008, p 20–39.
IAEA- International Atomic Energy Agency. Sediment Distribution Coefficients and Con-centration Factors for Biota in the Marine Environment. Technical Reports Series, n., 422, Vien-na. 2004.
ProUCL Version 4.1.00 Technical Guide - Statistical Software for Environmental Applications for Data Sets with and without Nondetect Observations. Disponível em: http://www.epa.gov/osp/hstl/tsc/ProUCL_v4.1_tech.pdf. Último acesso 5 de novembro 2016.
Liu, Y. Is the Free Energy Change of Adsorption Correctly Calculated. J. Chem. Eng. Da-ta, v. 54 (7), p 1981–1985, 2009.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Licensing: The BJRS articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
How to Cite
